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13 May 2024

A report published by Rt Hon Sir Robert Buckland KC MP and co-authored with IHR Advisors Rhys Davies and Ben Keith, examines the national security implications of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)’s stake in Vodafone.

The acquisition of a significant stake in Vodafone by the Abu Dhabi-based telecom giant Emirates Telecommunications, also known as e&, has raised substantial national security as well as human rights concerns within the UK. This report considers the issues and implications surrounding the 14.6% ownership that e& holds in Vodafone and sets out concerns regarding the espionage and national security risks. It also considers the broader human rights considerations associated with the UAE’s stake in one of the world’s leading telecommunications providers, playing a pivotal role in the UK’s connectivity and digital infrastructure. The investment by e&, which resulted in the UAE based company becoming the largest shareholder in Vodafone, has not only strategic implications for the telecom sector but also raises significant concerns regarding privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression.

In January of this year, UK Ministers found that the UAE’s stake in Vodafone was a threat to national security and ordered that the company establish a special committee to oversee work that has a bearing on British security. Sir Robert’s analysis follows the disastrous UAE-backed attempt to buy The Telegraph Group. Questions are now being asked about attempts by the UAE to buy UK institutions and critical infrastructure.

With clear evidence of the UAE’s sophisticated intelligence gathering apparatus and its history of spying, there are serious concerns about Emirati ownership of Vodafone and other businesses. Where foreign ownership comes from states which have a history of repressive activity and espionage, real caution and scrutiny is required. The report sets out the risks and concerns surrounding the UAE’s ownership of Vodafone and calls for vigilance.

READ THE REPORT

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About the Authors

Ben Keith Barrister

Ben Keith is a co-founder of IHR Advisors and an internationally recognised lawyer specialising in INTERPOL Red Notice challenges, extradition, international human rights law and asylum. He is the co-author of Interpol, Law and Practice (Sweet & Maxwell, 2026). He is co-editor of Red Notice Monitor, the leading public resource on INTERPOL Red Notice abuse and the practice of INTERPOL’s Commission for the Control of Files.

Ben represents clients across every region in INTERPOL Red Notice and Diffusion challenges before the Commission for the Control of Files. He has secured the deletion of Notices issued by states including Russia, China, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Belarus, Iran and Venezuela, in cases involving journalists, opposition political figures, refugees, human rights defenders and business figures targeted in commercial and political disputes. He is the author of the INTERPOL chapter in The Practitioner’s Guide to Global Investigations (Global Investigations Review, 2026).

Ben has appeared as counsel before the European Court of Human Rights Grand Chamber, the UK Supreme Court, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, and the UN Committee Against Torture. He is a member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court and the Kosovo Specialist Chambers in The Hague.

He regularly acts for politically exposed persons, journalists, human rights defenders and high net worth individuals facing extradition, INTERPOL Notices and other instruments of transnational repression. He provides legal commentary to national and international media including the Guardian, The Times, the Financial Times, The Telegraph, the BBC, Sky News, CNN, CBS 60 Minutes, The Economist, Politico and Al Jazeera.

Ben is ranked Star Individual in Chambers and Partners and a leading individual in The Legal 500 for extradition. He practises from 5 St Andrew’s Hill in London.

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Rhys Davies Barrister

Rhys Davies is a co-founder of IHR Advisors and an internationally recognised lawyer specialising in INTERPOL Red Notice challenges, international criminal law and international human rights law. He is the co-author of Interpol, Law and Practice (Sweet & Maxwell, 2026). He is co-editor of Red Notice Monitor, the leading public resource on INTERPOL Red Notice abuse and the practice of INTERPOL’s Commission for the Control of Files.

Rhys co-authored the report Undue Influence: the UAE and INTERPOL with Sir David Calvert-Smith, examining the systemic misuse of INTERPOL’s Notice and Diffusion systems by the United Arab Emirates and the implications for INTERPOL’s governance. He represents clients in INTERPOL Red Notice challenges before the Commission for the Control of Files, with particular focus on cases involving Middle Eastern and Central Asian states, and on the position of refugees, journalists and political dissidents targeted through INTERPOL by their states of origin.

Rhys has significant experience of in-country legal advice and assistance, most recently in the West Bank, and a specific interest in the Middle East. He is a member of the List of Counsel for the International Criminal Court, the Kosovo Specialist Chambers, and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. He regularly speaks at, and chairs, events at the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva and at the House of Commons on matters of international law.

Rhys is the author of numerous articles on INTERPOL Red Notice practice and on justice in the Middle East, and is in demand as a commentator on international human rights. He provides legal commentary to national and international media including The Times, the Guardian, the Independent, the Financial Times, CBS 60 Minutes, Sky News, City AM and Al Jazeera.

Rhys is recommended as a leading individual in The Legal 500. He practises from Temple Garden Chambers in London and The Hague.

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